In fact, the first several numbers in this format 7, 97, and 997 are prime, and it's not easy to tell whether larger numbers of this sort are prime in your head.

This program writes out several numbers in this format and displays their prime factors.

The program's Form_Load event handler loops through nine of these numbers, calling function Factors to display their prime factors.

Private Sub Form_Load()
Dim result As String
Dim nine As String
Dim i As Integer
Dim num As Long

    result = ""
    nine = "7"
    For i = 1 To 9
        num = CLng(nine)
        result = result & vbCrLf & Format$(num) & " = " & _
            Factors(num)
        nine = "9" & nine
    Next i

    result = Mid$(result, Len(vbCrLf) + 1)
    txtResult.Text = result
    txtResult.SelStart = 0
    txtResult.SelLength = 0
End Sub

The function starts by pulling factors of 2 out of the number. As long as the number is divisible by 2, the program adds a 2 to the output and divides the number by 2.

Eventually the number becomes odd (there may be remaining odd factors or, if the number is a power of two, then this step reduces the number to 1). At that point, the program starts pulling out odd factors. Starting with the test factor value 3, if the test factor value divides the number evenly, then the program adds it to the output and divides the test factor from the number. If the test factor doesn't divide the number evenly, then the program adds 2 to the test factor to consider the next odd number.

The program repeats this step until the test factor is greater than the square root of the remaining number. At that point, whatever is left of the number is prime.

' Return the number's prime factors.
Private Function Factors(ByVal num As Long) As String
    Dim result As String
    result = ""

    ' Take out the 2s.
    Do While num Mod 2 = 0
        ' This is a factor.
        result = result & " x 2"
        num = num \ 2
    Loop

    ' Take out other primes.
    Dim factor As Long
    factor = 3
    Do While factor * factor <= num
        If num Mod factor = 0 Then
            ' This is a factor.
            result = result & " x " & Format$(factor)
            num = num \ factor
        Else
            factor = factor + 1
        End If
    Loop

    If num > 1 Then result = result & " x " & Format$(num)
    If Len(result) = 0 Then
        result = "1"
    Else
        result = Mid$(result, 3)
    End If

    Factors = result
End Function

    9997 =  13 x 769

Nice try, kids!